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	<title>Hooks</title>
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	<item>
		<title>ReactのuseCallback徹底ガイド──依存配列・再レンダリング制御・パフォーマンス最適化の基本と応用</title>
		<link>https://techgrowup.net/react-usecallback/</link>
					<comments>https://techgrowup.net/react-usecallback/?noamp=mobile#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[techgrowup]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 27 Apr 2025 23:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[React]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[プログラミング]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hooks]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[useCallback]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[パフォーマンス]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[依存配列]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[再レンダリング]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[再利用]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[最適化]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://techgrowup.net/?p=2827</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[はじめに Reactの関数コンポーネントで副作用や再レンダリング制御を扱う際、useCallback フックはしばしば「面倒くさい」「よくわからない」と敬遠されがちです。しかし、大規模アプリのパフォーマンスチューニングや [&#8230;]]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<h1 class="wp-block-heading">はじめに</h1>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Reactの関数コンポーネントで副作用や再レンダリング制御を扱う際、<code>useCallback</code> フックはしばしば「面倒くさい」「よくわからない」と敬遠されがちです。しかし、大規模アプリのパフォーマンスチューニングや、子コンポーネントへのコールバック関数渡しを正しく行うためには不可欠な存在です。本記事では基礎から依存配列の書き方、内部動作、注意点、具体的な活用シーンまでを解説します。</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">useCallbackとは？</h2>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><code>useCallback</code> は「関数をメモ化（キャッシュ）する」ための React フックです。コンポーネントが再レンダーされるたびに新しい関数インスタンスを生成すると、子コンポーネントに渡したコールバックが”変化”とみなされ、不要な再レンダーにつながります。これを防ぐのが <code>useCallback</code> です。</p>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="const memoizedHandler = useCallback(() =&gt; {
  console.log('クリックされました');
}, [依存値1, 依存値2]);" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">memoizedHandler</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> = </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">useCallback</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(() </span><span style="color: #569CD6">=&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">console</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">.</span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">log</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;クリックされました&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">);</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">}, [</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">依存値1</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">, </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">依存値2</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">]);</span></span></code></pre></div>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><strong>第1引数</strong>：メモ化したい関数</li>



<li><strong>第2引数</strong>：依存配列。ここに入れた値が変わると新しく関数を作り直す</li>
</ul>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">基本シグネチャと戻り値</h2>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="function useCallback&lt;T extends (...args: any[]) =&gt; any&gt;(
  callback: T,
  deps: DependencyList
): T;" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">function</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">useCallback</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">&lt;</span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">T</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #569CD6">extends</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> (...</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">args</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">any</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">[]) </span><span style="color: #569CD6">=&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">any</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">&gt;(</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">callback</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">T</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">,</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">deps</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">DependencyList</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">): </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">T</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">;</span></span></code></pre></div>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><strong>T</strong>：任意の関数型</li>



<li><strong>DependencyList</strong>：<code>any[]</code> 型の配列</li>



<li><strong>戻り値</strong>：渡した <code>callback</code> と同じ型の“メモ化された関数”</li>
</ul>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">内部では React が Hook ごとに前回の <code>callback</code> 参照を保持し、<code>deps</code> が完全一致する限り同じ関数を返します。</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">依存配列の正しい書き方</h2>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">依存配列を適切に指定しないと、次のような問題が起きます。</p>



<figure class="wp-block-table"><div class="scrollable-table"><table class="has-fixed-layout"><thead><tr><th>誤り</th><th>症状</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>依存配列を空にする (<code>[]</code>)</td><td>最新の外部変数を参照できない （stale closure）</td></tr><tr><td>依存を省略 (<code>undefined</code>)</td><td>毎回新しい関数が作られ、効果なし</td></tr><tr><td>必要な依存を含めない</td><td>古い値を使い続ける</td></tr></tbody></table></div></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>例：カウントを依存に含めないと古い値を参照する</strong></p>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="function Counter() {
  const [count, setCount] = useState(0);

  const handler = useCallback(() =&gt; {
    console.log(count); // 依存にcountを含めないと常に0が表示
  }, []); 

  return &lt;button onClick={handler}&gt;ログ出力&lt;/button&gt;;
}" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">function</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">Counter</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">() {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> [</span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">count</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">, </span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">setCount</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">] = </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">useState</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #B5CEA8">0</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">);</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">handler</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> = </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">useCallback</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(() </span><span style="color: #569CD6">=&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">console</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">.</span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">log</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">count</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">); </span><span style="color: #6A9955">// 依存にcountを含めないと常に0が表示</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  }, []); </span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #C586C0">return</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;</span><span style="color: #569CD6">button</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">onClick</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">=</span><span style="color: #569CD6">{</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">handler</span><span style="color: #569CD6">}</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">ログ出力</span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #569CD6">button</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">}</span></span></code></pre></div>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">上記では <code>count</code> が変わっても <code>handler</code> 内の <code>count</code> は初回のまま。依存配列には常に<strong>最新のcount</strong>を正しく指定しましょう。</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">useCallbackとuseMemoの違い</h2>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><strong>useCallback</strong>：関数をメモ化する</li>



<li><strong>useMemo</strong>：関数の戻り値（任意の値）をメモ化する</li>
</ul>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="const memoizedValue = useMemo(() =&gt; computeExpensive(a, b), [a, b]);
const memoizedHandler = useCallback(() =&gt; doSomething(a, b), [a, b]);" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">memoizedValue</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> = </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">useMemo</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(() </span><span style="color: #569CD6">=&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">computeExpensive</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">a</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">, </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">b</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">), [</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">a</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">, </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">b</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">]);</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">memoizedHandler</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> = </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">useCallback</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(() </span><span style="color: #569CD6">=&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">doSomething</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">a</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">, </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">b</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">), [</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">a</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">, </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">b</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">]);</span></span></code></pre></div>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><code>useCallback(fn, deps)</code> は <code>useMemo(() =&gt; fn, deps)</code> のエイリアスと考えることもできますが、可読性の観点から関数キャッシュには <code>useCallback</code> を使うのが一般的です。</p>



<ol class="wp-block-list">
<li>コンポーネント初回レンダー</li>



<li><code>useCallback</code> が新しい関数を生成し返却</li>



<li>次回レンダー
<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><code>deps</code> が同じ → 前回の関数を再利用</li>



<li><code>deps</code> が変わった → 新しい関数を生成</li>
</ul>
</li>



<li>子コンポーネントへ渡す際、関数参照の変化を検出してレンダー制御できる</li>
</ol>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">この仕組みを利用し、<code>React.memo</code> と組み合わせることで子コンポーネントの再レンダーを抑制できます。</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">子コンポーネントの最適化例</h2>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="const Child = React.memo(({ onAction }) =&gt; {
  console.log('Child render');
  return &lt;button onClick={onAction}&gt;アクション&lt;/button&gt;;
});

function Parent() {
  const [count, setCount] = useState(0);

  const handleAction = useCallback(() =&gt; {
    console.log('Action!');
  }, []); // 依存なし → 再レンダー時も同じ参照

  return (
    &lt;&gt;
      &lt;p&gt;Count: {count}&lt;/p&gt;
      &lt;button onClick={() =&gt; setCount(c =&gt; c + 1)}&gt;増やす&lt;/button&gt;
      &lt;Child onAction={handleAction} /&gt;
    &lt;/&gt;
  );
}" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">Child</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> = </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">React</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">.</span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">memo</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(({ </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">onAction</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> }) </span><span style="color: #569CD6">=&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">console</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">.</span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">log</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;Child render&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">);</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #C586C0">return</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;</span><span style="color: #569CD6">button</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">onClick</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">=</span><span style="color: #569CD6">{</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">onAction</span><span style="color: #569CD6">}</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">アクション</span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #569CD6">button</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">});</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">function</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">Parent</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">() {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> [</span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">count</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">, </span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">setCount</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">] = </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">useState</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #B5CEA8">0</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">);</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">handleAction</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> = </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">useCallback</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(() </span><span style="color: #569CD6">=&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">console</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">.</span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">log</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;Action!&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">);</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  }, []); </span><span style="color: #6A9955">// 依存なし → 再レンダー時も同じ参照</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #C586C0">return</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> (</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;&gt;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">      </span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;</span><span style="color: #569CD6">p</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">Count: </span><span style="color: #569CD6">{</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">count</span><span style="color: #569CD6">}</span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #569CD6">p</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">      </span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;</span><span style="color: #569CD6">button</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">onClick</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">=</span><span style="color: #569CD6">{</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">() </span><span style="color: #569CD6">=&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">setCount</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">c</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #569CD6">=&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">c</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> + </span><span style="color: #B5CEA8">1</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">)</span><span style="color: #569CD6">}</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">増やす</span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #569CD6">button</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">      </span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;</span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Child</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">onAction</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">=</span><span style="color: #569CD6">{</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">handleAction</span><span style="color: #569CD6">}</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #808080">/&gt;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;/&gt;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  );</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">}</span></span></code></pre></div>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><code>Parent</code> が再レンダーされても <code>handleAction</code> は同じ参照</li>



<li><code>Child</code> は Props が変わらないとレンダーされないため高速</li>
</ul>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">使わないほうがいいケース</h2>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><strong>軽量コンポーネント／関数</strong><br>関数の生成コストよりReactのレンダーコストのほうが低い場合</li>



<li><strong>短命な値</strong><br>毎回異なる依存配列を生成すると逆効果</li>



<li><strong>過度のメモ化</strong><br>コードが複雑になり可読性や保守性が低下</li>
</ul>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>判断基準</strong>：<br>パフォーマンス問題が「本当に関数参照の変化」に起因しているかプロファイラで確認しましょう。</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">複数フックとの連携パターン</h2>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">useCallback + useEffect</h3>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">エフェクト内で関数を参照する場合、依存配列に含めないと stale closure が起きます。</p>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="function Search({ query }) {
  const [results, setResults] = useState([]);
  const fetchResults = useCallback(async () =&gt; {
    const res = await fetch(`/api?q=${query}`);
    setResults(await res.json());
  }, [query]);

  useEffect(() =&gt; {
    fetchResults();
  }, [fetchResults]); // fetchResults を正しく依存に含める

  return /* 結果表示 */;
}" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">function</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">Search</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">({ </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">query</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> }) {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> [</span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">results</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">, </span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">setResults</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">] = </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">useState</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">([]);</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">fetchResults</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> = </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">useCallback</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #569CD6">async</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> () </span><span style="color: #569CD6">=&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">res</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> = </span><span style="color: #C586C0">await</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">fetch</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #CE9178">`/api?q=</span><span style="color: #569CD6">${</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">query</span><span style="color: #569CD6">}</span><span style="color: #CE9178">`</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">);</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">setResults</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #C586C0">await</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">res</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">.</span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">json</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">());</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  }, [</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">query</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">]);</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">useEffect</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(() </span><span style="color: #569CD6">=&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">fetchResults</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">();</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  }, [</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">fetchResults</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">]); </span><span style="color: #6A9955">// fetchResults を正しく依存に含める</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #C586C0">return</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #6A9955">/* 結果表示 */</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">}</span></span></code></pre></div>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">useCallback + useMemo</h3>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">関数による計算結果をさらにメモ化したい場合</p>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="const expensiveCompute = useCallback((x) =&gt; heavyCalc(x), []);
const memoizedResult = useMemo(() =&gt; expensiveCompute(input), [input, expensiveCompute]);" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">expensiveCompute</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> = </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">useCallback</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">((</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">x</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">) </span><span style="color: #569CD6">=&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">heavyCalc</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">x</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">), []);</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">memoizedResult</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> = </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">useMemo</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(() </span><span style="color: #569CD6">=&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">expensiveCompute</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">input</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">), [</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">input</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">, </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">expensiveCompute</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">]);</span></span></code></pre></div>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><code>useCallback</code> でメモ化された関数をテストする際は、<code>renderHook</code> と <code>act</code> を使うと楽です。</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">コールバック関数のテスト</h2>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><code>useCallback</code> でメモ化された関数をテストする際は、<code>renderHook</code> と <code>act</code> を使うと楽です。</p>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="import { renderHook, act } from '@testing-library/react-hooks';

test('fetchResults が更新時に変化する', async () =&gt; {
  const { result, rerender } = renderHook(
    ({ query }) =&gt; useCallback(/*…*/, [query]),
    { initialProps: { query: 'a' } }
  );
  const first = result.current;
  rerender({ query: 'b' });
  expect(result.current).not.toBe(first);
});" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #C586C0">import</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> { </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">renderHook</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">, </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">act</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> } </span><span style="color: #C586C0">from</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;@testing-library/react-hooks&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">;</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #DCDCAA">test</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;fetchResults が更新時に変化する&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">, </span><span style="color: #569CD6">async</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> () </span><span style="color: #569CD6">=&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> { </span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">result</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">, </span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">rerender</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> } = </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">renderHook</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    ({ </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">query</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> }) </span><span style="color: #569CD6">=&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">useCallback</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #6A9955">/*…*/</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">, [</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">query</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">]),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    { </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">initialProps:</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> { </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">query:</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;a&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> } }</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  );</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">first</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> = </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">result</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">.</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">current</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">rerender</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">({ </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">query:</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;b&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> });</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">expect</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">result</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">.</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">current</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">).</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">not</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">.</span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">toBe</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">first</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">);</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">});</span></span></code></pre></div>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">パフォーマンス計測とベンチマーク</h2>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><strong>Profiler API</strong> で実際のレンダー回数を計測</li>



<li><strong>React DevTools</strong> のProfilerタブでコールバック関数生成の影響を見る</li>



<li><code>useCallback</code> 無し / 有りでどれだけ再レンダーが減るかを数値で比較</li>
</ul>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">よくある誤解とQ&amp;A</h2>



<ol class="wp-block-list">
<li><strong>「depsが空なら一度だけ実行される」</strong><br>→ <code>useCallback</code> では「関数参照が一度だけ生成される」。 <code>useEffect([], …)</code> とは別。</li>



<li><strong>「関数を渡すだけで最適化される」</strong><br>→ 子コンポーネントも <code>React.memo</code> などで参照比較しなければ効果なし。</li>



<li><strong>「常に使えば良い」</strong><br>→ 過度のメモ化は逆効果。必要な箇所だけに絞りましょう。</li>
</ol>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">まとめ</h2>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><code>useCallback</code> は関数インスタンスの再生成を防ぎ、再レンダーを制御する強力なフックです。依存配列の正確な管理、<code>React.memo</code> との併用、過度なメモ化の回避などポイントを押さえれば、アプリ全体のパフォーマンスが向上します。まずはパフォーマンスプロファイリングを行い、本当に必要な箇所だけに導入してみてください。</p>
]]></content:encoded>
					
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			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Reactコンポーネント徹底ガイド──基本から応用パターンまでわかりやすく解説</title>
		<link>https://techgrowup.net/react-component-basic/</link>
					<comments>https://techgrowup.net/react-component-basic/?noamp=mobile#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[techgrowup]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 27 Apr 2025 18:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[React]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[プログラミング]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hooks]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Props]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[State]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[useEffect]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[クラスコンポーネント]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[コンポーネント]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[関数コンポーネント]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://techgrowup.net/?p=2817</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[はじめに Reactを初めて学ぶ人が最初につまづきやすいのが「コンポーネント」の概念です。コンポーネントはUIを部品化し、再利用可能な塊として扱う手法。公式ドキュメント （https://react.dev/learn# [&#8230;]]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<h1 class="wp-block-heading">はじめに</h1>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Reactを初めて学ぶ人が最初につまづきやすいのが「コンポーネント」の概念です。コンポーネントはUIを部品化し、再利用可能な塊として扱う手法。公式ドキュメント （<a rel="noopener" target="_blank" class="" href="https://react.dev/learn#components%EF%BC%89">https://react.dev/learn#components）<span class="fa fa-external-link external-icon anchor-icon"></span></a> では「コンポーネントは関数と同じ」と説明していますが、実際にコードを書くときにはPropsやState、Hooksと組み合わせるため、学習のハードルが高く感じられることもあります。本記事ではReact 18+最新情報を交え、関数コンポーネント、クラスコンポーネント、Props、State、Hooks、コンポジションや最適化パターンまで丁寧に解説します。</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">コンポーネントとは何か</h2>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">コンポーネントは「UI部品」のようなもので、HTMLとJavaScriptを一体化して定義できます。例えば「ボタン」や「入力フォーム」のようなパーツを1つのファイルとして切り出し、 他の箇所から呼び出して使い回せるのが最大の利点です。</p>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="// Button.jsx
export function Button({ label, onClick }) {
  return &lt;button onClick={onClick}&gt;{label}&lt;/button&gt;;
}" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #6A9955">// Button.jsx</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #C586C0">export</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #569CD6">function</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">Button</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">({ </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">label</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">, </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">onClick</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> }) {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #C586C0">return</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;</span><span style="color: #569CD6">button</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">onClick</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">=</span><span style="color: #569CD6">{</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">onClick</span><span style="color: #569CD6">}</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span><span style="color: #569CD6">{</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">label</span><span style="color: #569CD6">}</span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #569CD6">button</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">}</span></span></code></pre></div>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">上記のように、<code>Button</code> コンポーネントを定義し、<code>label</code> や <code>onClick</code> をPropsで受け取ることで、使う場所ごとに見た目や挙動を変えられます。</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">関数コンポーネントの基礎</h2>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">宣言方法</h3>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">関数コンポーネントはJavaScriptの関数として定義し、必ず1つのJSX要素を返します。</p>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="function Greeting({ name }) {
  return &lt;h1&gt;こんにちは、{name}さん！&lt;/h1&gt;;
}" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">function</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">Greeting</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">({ </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">name</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> }) {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #C586C0">return</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;</span><span style="color: #569CD6">h1</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">こんにちは、</span><span style="color: #569CD6">{</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">name</span><span style="color: #569CD6">}</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">さん！</span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #569CD6">h1</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">}</span></span></code></pre></div>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">ESLintやTypeScript環境では <code>React.FC</code> 型を使って型注釈を付けるケースもあります。</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Propsの受け渡し</h3>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Propsはコンポーネントを呼び出す側で指定します。</p>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="&lt;Greeting name=&quot;太郎&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Greeting name=&quot;花子&quot; /&gt;" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #808080">&lt;</span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Greeting</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">name</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">=</span><span style="color: #CE9178">&quot;太郎&quot;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #808080">/&gt;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #808080">&lt;</span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Greeting</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">name</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">=</span><span style="color: #CE9178">&quot;花子&quot;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #808080">/&gt;</span></span></code></pre></div>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">複数のPropsを使う場合はオブジェクト形式でまとめて受け取り、分割代入で取り出します。</p>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="function Profile({ avatarUrl, username, bio }) { /* … */ }" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">function</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">Profile</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">({ </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">avatarUrl</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">, </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">username</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">, </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">bio</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> }) { </span><span style="color: #6A9955">/* … */</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> }</span></span></code></pre></div>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">クラスコンポーネントとの違い</h2>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">かつてReactはクラスコンポーネントが主流でした。2025年現在はHooksの登場で関数コンポーネントが主役ですが、既存コードやライフサイクルメソッドの学習に役立つため、基本を抑えておくと理解が深まります。</p>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="import React from 'react';

class Greeting extends React.Component {
  render() {
    return &lt;h1&gt;こんにちは、{this.props.name}さん！&lt;/h1&gt;;
  }
}" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #C586C0">import</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">React</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #C586C0">from</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;react&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">;</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">class</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Greeting</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #569CD6">extends</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">React</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">.</span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Component</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">render</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">() {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #C586C0">return</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;</span><span style="color: #569CD6">h1</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">こんにちは、</span><span style="color: #569CD6">{this</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">.</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">props</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">.</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">name</span><span style="color: #569CD6">}</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">さん！</span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #569CD6">h1</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  }</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">}</span></span></code></pre></div>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><strong>State管理</strong>：クラスでは <code>this.state</code> と <code>this.setState()</code></li>



<li><strong>ライフサイクル</strong>：<code>componentDidMount</code>, <code>componentDidUpdate</code>, <code>componentWillUnmount</code></li>
</ul>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Hooksを使えば同等の処理が関数コンポーネントで実現可能です。</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Stateの扱い方</h2>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">useStateフック</h3>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Stateは「変化する値」を保持し、再レンダーを引き起こす仕組みです。関数コンポーネントでは <code>useState</code> を使って簡単にStateを定義できます。</p>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="import { useState } from 'react';

function Counter() {
  const [count, setCount] = useState(0);
  return (
    &lt;&gt;
      &lt;p&gt;現在のカウント: {count}&lt;/p&gt;
      &lt;button onClick={() =&gt; setCount(count + 1)}&gt;増やす&lt;/button&gt;
    &lt;/&gt;
  );
}
" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #C586C0">import</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> { </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">useState</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> } </span><span style="color: #C586C0">from</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;react&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">;</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">function</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">Counter</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">() {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> [</span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">count</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">, </span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">setCount</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">] = </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">useState</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #B5CEA8">0</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">);</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #C586C0">return</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> (</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;&gt;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">      </span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;</span><span style="color: #569CD6">p</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">現在のカウント: </span><span style="color: #569CD6">{</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">count</span><span style="color: #569CD6">}</span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #569CD6">p</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">      </span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;</span><span style="color: #569CD6">button</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">onClick</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">=</span><span style="color: #569CD6">{</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">() </span><span style="color: #569CD6">=&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">setCount</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">count</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> + </span><span style="color: #B5CEA8">1</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">)</span><span style="color: #569CD6">}</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">増やす</span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #569CD6">button</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;/&gt;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  );</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">}</span></span>
<span class="line"></span></code></pre></div>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><strong>初期値</strong>：<code>useState(0)</code> の <code>0</code> 部分</li>



<li><strong>更新関数</strong>：<code>setCount</code> を呼ぶと再レンダーが発生</li>
</ul>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Stateの注意点</h3>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><strong>不変性</strong>：Stateオブジェクトを直接変更せず、必ず更新関数を使う</li>



<li><strong>遅延初期化</strong>：複雑な計算が必要な場合は関数を渡して一度だけ実行</li>
</ul>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="const [todos, setTodos] = useState(() =&gt; loadTodosFromLocalStorage());" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> [</span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">todos</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">, </span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">setTodos</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">] = </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">useState</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(() </span><span style="color: #569CD6">=&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">loadTodosFromLocalStorage</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">());</span></span></code></pre></div>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Props vs State</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-table"><div class="scrollable-table"><table class="has-fixed-layout"><thead><tr><th>項目</th><th>Props</th><th>State</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>定義場所</td><td>親コンポーネントが渡す</td><td>自身のコンポーネント内で定義</td></tr><tr><td>役割</td><td>親からの読み取り専用の値</td><td>パーツ内部で変化する値</td></tr><tr><td>更新</td><td>親が再レンダーされる必要あり</td><td>更新関数を呼ぶだけで自動的に再レンダー</td></tr></tbody></table></div></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Propsを変更したい場合は「親コンポーネント」が再レンダーされて新しいPropsを渡す仕組みになります。</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">コンポーネントの合成（Composition）</h2>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Reactでは<strong>コンポジション</strong>が主流で、親子や兄弟のようにコンポーネントを入れ子にして機能を組み立てます。</p>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="function Card({ children }) {
  return &lt;div className=&quot;card&quot;&gt;{children}&lt;/div&gt;;
}

function App() {
  return (
    &lt;Card&gt;
      &lt;h2&gt;タイトル&lt;/h2&gt;
      &lt;p&gt;内容テキスト&lt;/p&gt;
    &lt;/Card&gt;
  );
}" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">function</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">Card</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">({ </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">children</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> }) {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #C586C0">return</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;</span><span style="color: #569CD6">div</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">className</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">=</span><span style="color: #CE9178">&quot;card&quot;</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span><span style="color: #569CD6">{</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">children</span><span style="color: #569CD6">}</span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #569CD6">div</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">}</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">function</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">App</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">() {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #C586C0">return</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> (</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;</span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Card</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">      </span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;</span><span style="color: #569CD6">h2</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">タイトル</span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #569CD6">h2</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">      </span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;</span><span style="color: #569CD6">p</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">内容テキスト</span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #569CD6">p</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Card</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  );</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">}</span></span></code></pre></div>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><strong>children</strong>：<code>&lt;Card>…&lt;/Card></code> の中身を受け取る特殊Props</li>



<li><strong>再利用性</strong>：見た目のフレームと中身を分離できるため、多用途に使える</li>
</ul>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">ライフサイクルとuseEffect</h2>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">useEffectの基本</h3>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">副作用（データフェッチ、購読、手動DOM操作など）を扱う際に使うフック。</p>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="import { useEffect, useState } from 'react';

function DataFetcher({ url }) {
  const [data, setData] = useState(null);
  useEffect(() =&gt; {
    fetch(url)
      .then(r =&gt; r.json())
      .then(json =&gt; setData(json));
  }, [url]); // urlが変わったときだけ再実行
  return data ? &lt;pre&gt;{JSON.stringify(data)}&lt;/pre&gt; : &lt;p&gt;読み込み中…&lt;/p&gt;;
}" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #C586C0">import</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> { </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">useEffect</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">, </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">useState</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> } </span><span style="color: #C586C0">from</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;react&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">;</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">function</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">DataFetcher</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">({ </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">url</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> }) {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> [</span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">data</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">, </span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">setData</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">] = </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">useState</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #569CD6">null</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">);</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">useEffect</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(() </span><span style="color: #569CD6">=&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">fetch</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">url</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">)</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">      .</span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">then</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">r</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #569CD6">=&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">r</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">.</span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">json</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">())</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">      .</span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">then</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">json</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #569CD6">=&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">setData</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">json</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">));</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  }, [</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">url</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">]); </span><span style="color: #6A9955">// urlが変わったときだけ再実行</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #C586C0">return</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">data</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> ? </span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;</span><span style="color: #569CD6">pre</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span><span style="color: #569CD6">{</span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">JSON</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">.</span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">stringify</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">data</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">)</span><span style="color: #569CD6">}</span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #569CD6">pre</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> : </span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;</span><span style="color: #569CD6">p</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">読み込み中…</span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #569CD6">p</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">}</span></span></code></pre></div>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><strong>第2引数</strong>：依存配列。空配列 <code>[]</code> ならマウント時のみ実行</li>



<li><strong>クリーンアップ</strong>：関数を返すとアンマウント時に実行</li>
</ul>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="useEffect(() =&gt; {
  const id = setInterval(tick, 1000);
  return () =&gt; clearInterval(id);
}, []);" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #DCDCAA">useEffect</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(() </span><span style="color: #569CD6">=&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">id</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> = </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">setInterval</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">tick</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">, </span><span style="color: #B5CEA8">1000</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">);</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #C586C0">return</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> () </span><span style="color: #569CD6">=&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">clearInterval</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">id</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">);</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">}, []);</span></span></code></pre></div>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">クラスのライフサイクル対応</h3>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><code>componentDidMount</code> → <code>useEffect(() => {...}, [])</code></li>



<li><code>componentDidUpdate</code> → <code>useEffect(() => {...}, [deps])</code></li>



<li><code>componentWillUnmount</code> → <code>useEffect(() => { return cleanup }, [])</code></li>
</ul>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">パフォーマンス最適化</h2>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">React.memo</h3>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">関数コンポーネントをラップして、Propsが変わらない限り再レンダーを防ぐ。</p>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="const ExpensiveComponent = React.memo(function({ value }) {
  // 重い計算...
  return &lt;span&gt;{value}&lt;/span&gt;;
});" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">ExpensiveComponent</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> = </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">React</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">.</span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">memo</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #569CD6">function</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">({ </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">value</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> }) {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #6A9955">// 重い計算...</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #C586C0">return</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;</span><span style="color: #569CD6">span</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span><span style="color: #569CD6">{</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">value</span><span style="color: #569CD6">}</span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #569CD6">span</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">});</span></span></code></pre></div>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">useCallback / useMemo</h3>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><strong>useCallback</strong>：コールバック関数をメモ化</li>
</ul>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="const handleClick = useCallback(() =&gt; { /* ... */ }, [deps]);" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">handleClick</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> = </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">useCallback</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(() </span><span style="color: #569CD6">=&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> { </span><span style="color: #6A9955">/* ... */</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> }, [</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">deps</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">]);</span></span></code></pre></div>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><strong>useMemo</strong>：計算結果をメモ化</li>
</ul>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="const result = useMemo(() =&gt; expensiveCalculation(a, b), [a, b]);" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">result</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> = </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">useMemo</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(() </span><span style="color: #569CD6">=&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">expensiveCalculation</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">a</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">, </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">b</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">), [</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">a</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">, </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">b</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">]);</span></span></code></pre></div>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Virtualized List</h3>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">大量データをリスト表示する場合は <code>react-window</code> や <code>react-virtualized</code> を使って、可視領域のみDOM生成する。</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">コンポーネント設計パターン</h2>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Container / Presentational</h3>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><strong>Container</strong>：データ取得やState管理を担当</li>



<li><strong>Presentational</strong>：UI描画のみを担当</li>
</ul>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="function UserContainer() {
  const [user, setUser] = useState(null);
  useEffect(() =&gt; fetchUser().then(setUser), []);
  return user ? &lt;UserProfile data={user} /&gt; : &lt;Loading /&gt;;
}
function UserProfile({ data }) { /* UIのみ */ }" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">function</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">UserContainer</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">() {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> [</span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">user</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">, </span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">setUser</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">] = </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">useState</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #569CD6">null</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">);</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">useEffect</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(() </span><span style="color: #569CD6">=&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">fetchUser</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">().</span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">then</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">setUser</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">), []);</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #C586C0">return</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">user</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> ? </span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;</span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">UserProfile</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">data</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">=</span><span style="color: #569CD6">{</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">user</span><span style="color: #569CD6">}</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #808080">/&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> : </span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;</span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Loading</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #808080">/&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">}</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">function</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">UserProfile</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">({ </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">data</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> }) { </span><span style="color: #6A9955">/* UIのみ */</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> }</span></span></code></pre></div>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Compound Components</h3>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">親コンポーネントと子要素が連携して振る舞うパターン。</p>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="function Tabs({ children }) {
  const [active, setActive] = useState(0);
  return /* contextでactiveとsetActiveを渡す */;
}
Tabs.List = function({ children }) { /* タブ見出し */ };
Tabs.Panel = function({ index, children }) { /* コンテンツ */ };" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">function</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">Tabs</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">({ </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">children</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> }) {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> [</span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">active</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">, </span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">setActive</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">] = </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">useState</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #B5CEA8">0</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">);</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #C586C0">return</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #6A9955">/* contextでactiveとsetActiveを渡す */</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">}</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #9CDCFE">Tabs</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">.</span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">List</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> = </span><span style="color: #569CD6">function</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">({ </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">children</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> }) { </span><span style="color: #6A9955">/* タブ見出し */</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> };</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #9CDCFE">Tabs</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">.</span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">Panel</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> = </span><span style="color: #569CD6">function</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">({ </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">index</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">, </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">children</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> }) { </span><span style="color: #6A9955">/* コンテンツ */</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> };</span></span></code></pre></div>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">テストと型安全</h2>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">テスト例（React Testing Library）</h3>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="import { render, fireEvent } from '@testing-library/react';
import Counter from './Counter';
test('クリックで増加', () =&gt; {
  const { getByText } = render(&lt;Counter /&gt;);
  const btn = getByText(/増やす/);
  fireEvent.click(btn);
  expect(getByText(/現在のカウント: 1/)).toBeInTheDocument();
});" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #C586C0">import</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> { </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">render</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">, </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">fireEvent</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> } </span><span style="color: #C586C0">from</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;@testing-library/react&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #C586C0">import</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">Counter</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #C586C0">from</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;./Counter&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #DCDCAA">test</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;クリックで増加&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">, () </span><span style="color: #569CD6">=&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> { </span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">getByText</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> } = </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">render</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #808080">&lt;</span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Counter</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #808080">/&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">);</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4FC1FF">btn</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> = </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">getByText</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #D16969">/増やす/</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">);</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">fireEvent</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">.</span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">click</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">btn</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">);</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">expect</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">getByText</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #D16969">/現在のカウント: 1/</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">)).</span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">toBeInTheDocument</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">();</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">});</span></span></code></pre></div>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">TypeScriptとの併用</h3>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">コンポーネントに型注釈を付けると、Propsのうっかりミスをコンパイル時に検出できます。</p>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="interface ButtonProps { label: string; onClick: () =&gt; void; }
export function Button({ label, onClick }: ButtonProps) { /* ... */ }" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">interface</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">ButtonProps</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> { </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">label</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">string</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">; </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">onClick</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">: () </span><span style="color: #569CD6">=&gt;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">void</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">; }</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #C586C0">export</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #569CD6">function</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">Button</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">({ </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">label</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">, </span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">onClick</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> }: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">ButtonProps</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">) { </span><span style="color: #6A9955">/* ... */</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> }</span></span></code></pre></div>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">まとめ</h2>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Reactコンポーネントは「UIを部品化して組み合わせる」ための基本単位です。関数コンポーネントとクラスコンポーネントの違い、PropsとState、Hooks、コンポジション、最適化パターンをしっかり理解すれば、堅牢で再利用性の高いUIを効率的に開発できます。公式ドキュメントを自分のプロジェクトに落とし込む際には、ここで解説した多彩なパターンをぜひ試してみてください。</p>
]]></content:encoded>
					
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			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Flutter開発入門47 hooks_riverpodでのStreamProvider、NotifierProvider、StateNotifierProvider、ChangeNotifierProviderの使い方</title>
		<link>https://techgrowup.net/flutter-hooks-riverpod-each-provider/</link>
					<comments>https://techgrowup.net/flutter-hooks-riverpod-each-provider/?noamp=mobile#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[techgrowup]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 12 Oct 2024 05:12:49 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Flutter]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[プログラミング]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Dart]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hooks]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Provider]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Riverpod]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[アプリ開発]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://techgrowup.net/?p=1955</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[はじめに hooks_riverpodは、Flutterアプリの開発において、強力で柔軟な状態管理を提供します。特に、非同期処理を扱うためのStreamProvider、状態を管理するためのNotifierProvide [&#8230;]]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<h1 class="wp-block-heading">はじめに</h1>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong><code>hooks_riverpod</code>は、Flutterアプリの開発において、強力で柔軟な状態管理を提供します。特に、非同期処理を扱うための<code>StreamProvider</code></strong>、状態を管理するための<code>NotifierProvider</code><strong>や</strong><code>StateNotifierProvider</code><strong>、および従来の<code>ChangeNotifier</code>に基づいた</strong><code>ChangeNotifierProvider</code>は、それぞれの場面で最適なソリューションを提供します。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">この記事では、<strong>StreamProvider、NotifierProvider、StateNotifierProvider、ChangeNotifierProvider</strong>の使い方について詳しく解説します。Flutter開発を効率化し、状態管理をよりシンプルにするための実践的な知識を提供します。</p>



<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">hooks_riverpodとは？</h2>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><code>hooks_riverpod</code>は、<code>Riverpod</code>の状態管理機能と<code>Flutter Hooks</code>のフック機能を統合したライブラリです。Riverpodによる強力な状態管理に、Flutter Hooksを組み合わせることで、ウィジェットのライフサイクルに応じた簡潔な状態管理を実現します。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">この記事では、特に以下のプロバイダについて詳しく見ていきます。</p>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><strong><code>StreamProvider</code></strong>：非同期データのストリームを管理。</li>



<li><strong><code>NotifierProvider</code></strong>：<code>Notifier</code>クラスをベースにした状態管理。</li>



<li><strong><code>StateNotifierProvider</code></strong>：<code>StateNotifier</code>を使って状態を管理する。</li>



<li><strong><code>ChangeNotifierProvider</code></strong>：従来の<code>ChangeNotifier</code>ベースの状態管理。</li>
</ul>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">※<code>hooks_riverpod</code>が導入が済んでいない方は以下記事を確認してください。</p>



<figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-techgrowup wp-block-embed-techgrowup"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper">

<a target="_self" href="https://techgrowup.net/flutter-hooks-riverpod/" title="Flutter開発入門46 hooks_riverpodの使い方：効率的な状態管理を実現" class="blogcard-wrap internal-blogcard-wrap a-wrap cf"><div class="blogcard internal-blogcard ib-left cf"><div class="blogcard-label internal-blogcard-label"><span class="fa"></span></div><figure class="blogcard-thumbnail internal-blogcard-thumbnail"><img decoding="async" width="160" height="90" src="https://techgrowup.net/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/flutter-hooks-riverpod-160x90.webp" class="blogcard-thumb-image internal-blogcard-thumb-image wp-post-image" alt="" srcset="https://techgrowup.net/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/flutter-hooks-riverpod-160x90.webp 160w, https://techgrowup.net/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/flutter-hooks-riverpod-1024x585.webp 1024w, https://techgrowup.net/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/flutter-hooks-riverpod-768x439.webp 768w, https://techgrowup.net/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/flutter-hooks-riverpod-120x68.webp 120w, https://techgrowup.net/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/flutter-hooks-riverpod-320x180.webp 320w, https://techgrowup.net/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/flutter-hooks-riverpod-376x212.webp 376w, https://techgrowup.net/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/flutter-hooks-riverpod.webp 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px" /></figure><div class="blogcard-content internal-blogcard-content"><div class="blogcard-title internal-blogcard-title">Flutter開発入門46 hooks_riverpodの使い方：効率的な状態管理を実現</div><div class="blogcard-snippet internal-blogcard-snippet">Flutterアプリでの状態管理に欠かせないhooks_riverpodを徹底解説。useProviderは廃止され、WidgetRefとref.watchを使った効率的な状態管理方法を解説します。</div></div><div class="blogcard-footer internal-blogcard-footer cf"><div class="blogcard-site internal-blogcard-site"><div class="blogcard-favicon internal-blogcard-favicon"><img decoding="async" src="https://www.google.com/s2/favicons?domain=https://techgrowup.net" alt="" class="blogcard-favicon-image internal-blogcard-favicon-image" width="16" height="16" /></div><div class="blogcard-domain internal-blogcard-domain">techgrowup.net</div></div><div class="blogcard-date internal-blogcard-date"><div class="blogcard-post-date internal-blogcard-post-date">2024.10.12</div></div></div></div></a>
</div></figure>



<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">StreamProviderの使い方</h2>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><code>StreamProvider</code>は、非同期でデータのストリームを提供する際に使用します。たとえば、リアルタイムに更新されるデータや、ストリームAPIのデータを扱う場合に便利です。</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">例：StreamProviderでのリアルタイムカウント</h3>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="final countStreamProvider = StreamProvider&lt;int&gt;((ref) {
  return Stream.periodic(const Duration(seconds: 1), (count) =&gt; count);
});

class HomeScreen extends ConsumerWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context, WidgetRef ref) {
    final asyncValue = ref.watch(countStreamProvider);

    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(title: const Text('StreamProvider Example')),
      body: Center(
        child: asyncValue.when(
          data: (count) =&gt; Text('Count: $count'),
          loading: () =&gt; CircularProgressIndicator(),
          error: (err, stack) =&gt; Text('Error: $err'),
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">final</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> countStreamProvider = </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">StreamProvider</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">&lt;</span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">int</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">&gt;((ref) {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #C586C0">return</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Stream</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">.</span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">periodic</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Duration</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(seconds: </span><span style="color: #B5CEA8">1</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">), (count) =&gt; count);</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">});</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">class</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">HomeScreen</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #569CD6">extends</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">ConsumerWidget</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #569CD6">@override</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Widget</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">build</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">BuildContext</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> context, </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">WidgetRef</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> ref) {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #569CD6">final</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> asyncValue = ref.</span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">watch</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(countStreamProvider);</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #C586C0">return</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Scaffold</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">      appBar: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">AppBar</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(title: </span><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Text</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;StreamProvider Example&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">)),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">      body: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Center</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">        child: asyncValue.</span><span style="color: #C586C0">when</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">          data: (count) =&gt; </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Text</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;Count: $</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">count</span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">          loading: () =&gt; </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">CircularProgressIndicator</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">          error: (err, stack) =&gt; </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Text</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;Error: $</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">err</span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">        ),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">      ),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    );</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  }</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">}</span></span></code></pre></div>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">解説</p>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><strong><code>StreamProvider</code></strong>：非同期ストリームをプロバイダとして提供し、UIにリアルタイムで反映できます。</li>



<li><strong><code>Stream.periodic</code></strong>：一定の間隔でデータを発行するストリームの生成方法です。</li>



<li><strong><code>asyncValue.when</code></strong>：<code>StreamProvider</code>の状態に応じて、データ・ローディング・エラーのそれぞれを表示します。</li>
</ul>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">NotifierProviderの使い方</h2>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><code>NotifierProvider</code>は、<strong><code>Notifier</code>クラス</strong>に基づいたプロバイダで、<code>Notifier</code>を使って状態を管理し、それに応じてUIをリビルドする際に使用します。<code>Notifier</code>は、状態を持たせ、<code>notifyListeners</code>で更新するシンプルな仕組みです。</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">例：NotifierProviderでカウンターを管理</h3>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="class CounterNotifier extends Notifier&lt;int&gt; {
  @override
  int build() =&gt; 0;

  void increment() =&gt; state++;
}

final counterProvider = NotifierProvider&lt;CounterNotifier, int&gt;(() {
  return CounterNotifier();
});

class HomeScreen extends ConsumerWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context, WidgetRef ref) {
    final count = ref.watch(counterProvider);

    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(title: const Text('NotifierProvider Example')),
      body: Center(
        child: Column(
          mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
          children: [
            Text('Count: $count', style: const TextStyle(fontSize: 40)),
            ElevatedButton(
              onPressed: () =&gt; ref.read(counterProvider.notifier).increment(),
              child: const Text('Increment'),
            ),
          ],
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">class</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">CounterNotifier</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #569CD6">extends</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Notifier</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">&lt;</span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">int</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">&gt; {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #569CD6">@override</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">int</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">build</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">() =&gt; </span><span style="color: #B5CEA8">0</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">;</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #569CD6">void</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">increment</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">() =&gt; state++;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">}</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">final</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> counterProvider = </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">NotifierProvider</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">&lt;</span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">CounterNotifier</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">, </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">int</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">&gt;(() {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #C586C0">return</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">CounterNotifier</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">();</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">});</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">class</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">HomeScreen</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #569CD6">extends</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">ConsumerWidget</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #569CD6">@override</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Widget</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">build</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">BuildContext</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> context, </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">WidgetRef</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> ref) {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #569CD6">final</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> count = ref.</span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">watch</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(counterProvider);</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #C586C0">return</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Scaffold</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">      appBar: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">AppBar</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(title: </span><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Text</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;NotifierProvider Example&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">)),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">      body: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Center</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">        child: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Column</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">          mainAxisAlignment: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">MainAxisAlignment</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">.center,</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">          children: [</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">            </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Text</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;Count: $</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">count</span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">, style: </span><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">TextStyle</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(fontSize: </span><span style="color: #B5CEA8">40</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">)),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">            </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">ElevatedButton</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">              onPressed: () =&gt; ref.</span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">read</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(counterProvider.notifier).</span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">increment</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">              child: </span><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Text</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;Increment&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">            ),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">          ],</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">        ),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">      ),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    );</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  }</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">}</span></span></code></pre></div>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">解説</p>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><strong><code>Notifier</code></strong>：シンプルな状態管理クラスで、状態を管理し、変更があった際にリビルドをトリガーします。</li>



<li><strong><code>NotifierProvider</code></strong>：<code>Notifier</code>をプロバイダとして使用し、状態を管理します。</li>



<li><strong><code>ref.watch(counterProvider)</code></strong>：カウンターの現在の値を監視し、UIに反映します。</li>



<li><strong><code>ref.read(counterProvider.notifier).increment()</code></strong>：<code>Notifier</code>のメソッドを使って状態を変更します。</li>
</ul>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">StateNotifierProviderの使い方</h2>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><code>StateNotifierProvider</code>は、<strong><code>StateNotifier</code>クラス</strong>を使って、状態を細かく管理したいときに便利です。<code>StateNotifier</code>は、状態を変更するためのメソッドを定義でき、状態の変更を安全に管理できます。</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">例：StateNotifierProviderでカウンターを管理</h3>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="class CounterStateNotifier extends StateNotifier&lt;int&gt; {
  CounterStateNotifier() : super(0);

  void increment() =&gt; state++;
}

final counterStateNotifierProvider =
    StateNotifierProvider&lt;CounterStateNotifier, int&gt;((ref) {
  return CounterStateNotifier();
});

class HomeScreen extends ConsumerWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context, WidgetRef ref) {
    final count = ref.watch(counterStateNotifierProvider);

    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(title: const Text('StateNotifierProvider Example')),
      body: Center(
        child: Column(
          mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
          children: [
            Text('Count: $count', style: const TextStyle(fontSize: 40)),
            ElevatedButton(
              onPressed: () =&gt;
                  ref.read(counterStateNotifierProvider.notifier).increment(),
              child: const Text('Increment'),
            ),
          ],
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">class</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">CounterStateNotifier</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #569CD6">extends</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">StateNotifier</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">&lt;</span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">int</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">&gt; {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">CounterStateNotifier</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">() : </span><span style="color: #569CD6">super</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #B5CEA8">0</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">);</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #569CD6">void</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">increment</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">() =&gt; state++;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">}</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">final</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> counterStateNotifierProvider =</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">StateNotifierProvider</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">&lt;</span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">CounterStateNotifier</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">, </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">int</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">&gt;((ref) {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #C586C0">return</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">CounterStateNotifier</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">();</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">});</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">class</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">HomeScreen</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #569CD6">extends</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">ConsumerWidget</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #569CD6">@override</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Widget</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">build</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">BuildContext</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> context, </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">WidgetRef</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> ref) {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #569CD6">final</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> count = ref.</span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">watch</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(counterStateNotifierProvider);</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #C586C0">return</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Scaffold</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">      appBar: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">AppBar</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(title: </span><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Text</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;StateNotifierProvider Example&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">)),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">      body: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Center</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">        child: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Column</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">          mainAxisAlignment: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">MainAxisAlignment</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">.center,</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">          children: [</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">            </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Text</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;Count: $</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">count</span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">, style: </span><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">TextStyle</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(fontSize: </span><span style="color: #B5CEA8">40</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">)),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">            </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">ElevatedButton</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">              onPressed: () =&gt;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">                  ref.</span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">read</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(counterStateNotifierProvider.notifier).</span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">increment</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">              child: </span><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Text</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;Increment&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">            ),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">          ],</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">        ),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">      ),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    );</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  }</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">}</span></span></code></pre></div>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">解説</p>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><strong><code>StateNotifier</code></strong>：状態を管理するためのクラスで、複雑なロジックにも対応できます。</li>



<li><strong><code>StateNotifierProvider</code></strong>：<code>StateNotifier</code>をプロバイダとして使用し、状態の管理を行います。</li>



<li><strong><code>state</code></strong>：現在の状態を保持するプロパティで、状態が更新されるとリビルドがトリガーされます。</li>
</ul>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">ChangeNotifierProviderの使い方</h2>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><code>ChangeNotifierProvider</code>は、従来の<code>ChangeNotifier</code>ベースの状態管理を使いたい場合に有効です。<code>ChangeNotifier</code>は、<code>notifyListeners</code>メソッドを使って状態の更新を通知します。</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">例：ChangeNotifierProviderでカウンターを管理</h3>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="class CounterChangeNotifier extends ChangeNotifier {
  int _count = 0;
  int get count =&gt; _count;

  void increment() {
    _count++;
    notifyListeners();
  }
}

final counterChangeNotifierProvider =
    ChangeNotifierProvider&lt;CounterChangeNotifier&gt;((ref) {
  return CounterChangeNotifier();
});

class HomeScreen extends ConsumerWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context, WidgetRef ref) {
    final counter = ref.watch(counterChangeNotifierProvider);

    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(title: const Text('ChangeNotifierProvider Example')),
      body: Center(
        child: Column(
          mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
          children: [
            Text('Count: ${counter.count}',
                style: const TextStyle(fontSize: 40)),
            ElevatedButton(
              onPressed: () =&gt; counter.increment(),
              child: const Text('Increment'),
            ),
          ],
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">class</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">CounterChangeNotifier</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #569CD6">extends</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">ChangeNotifier</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">int</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> _count = </span><span style="color: #B5CEA8">0</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">int</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #569CD6">get</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> count =&gt; _count;</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #569CD6">void</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">increment</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">() {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    _count++;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">notifyListeners</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">();</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  }</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">}</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">final</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> counterChangeNotifierProvider =</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">ChangeNotifierProvider</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">&lt;</span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">CounterChangeNotifier</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">&gt;((ref) {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #C586C0">return</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">CounterChangeNotifier</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">();</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">});</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">class</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">HomeScreen</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #569CD6">extends</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">ConsumerWidget</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #569CD6">@override</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Widget</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">build</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">BuildContext</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> context, </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">WidgetRef</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> ref) {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #569CD6">final</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> counter = ref.</span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">watch</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(counterChangeNotifierProvider);</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #C586C0">return</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Scaffold</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">      appBar: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">AppBar</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(title: </span><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Text</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;ChangeNotifierProvider Example&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">)),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">      body: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Center</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">        child: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Column</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">          mainAxisAlignment: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">MainAxisAlignment</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">.center,</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">          children: [</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">            </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Text</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;Count: ${</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">counter</span><span style="color: #CE9178">.</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">count</span><span style="color: #CE9178">}&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">,</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">                style: </span><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">TextStyle</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(fontSize: </span><span style="color: #B5CEA8">40</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">)),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">            </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">ElevatedButton</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">              onPressed: () =&gt; counter.</span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">increment</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">              child: </span><span style="color: #569CD6">const</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Text</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;Increment&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">            ),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">          ],</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">        ),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">      ),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    );</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  }</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">}</span></span></code></pre></div>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">解説</p>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><strong><code>ChangeNotifier</code></strong>：リスナーに状態の変更を通知するためのクラスで、従来のFlutterの状態管理でよく使われます。</li>



<li><strong><code>ChangeNotifierProvider</code></strong>：<code>ChangeNotifier</code>をプロバイダとして使用し、<code>notifyListeners</code>でUIをリビルドします。</li>
</ul>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">まとめ</h2>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Flutterでの状態管理において、<strong><code>hooks_riverpod</code>は強力なツールです。今回紹介した<code>StreamProvider</code></strong>、<strong><code>NotifierProvider</code></strong>、<strong><code>StateNotifierProvider</code></strong>、および<code>ChangeNotifierProvider</code>を適切に使い分けることで、アプリケーションの規模に関わらず、効率的に状態を管理できます。それぞれのプロバイダは特定のユースケースに最適化されており、状態の再利用や非同期データの管理に役立ちます。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"></p>
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		<title>Flutter開発入門46 hooks_riverpodの使い方：効率的な状態管理を実現</title>
		<link>https://techgrowup.net/flutter-hooks-riverpod/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[techgrowup]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 12 Oct 2024 04:55:31 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Flutter]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[プログラミング]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Dart]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hooks]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Riverpod]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[アプリ開発]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://techgrowup.net/?p=1951</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[はじめに hooks_riverpodは、Flutterでの状態管理ライブラリRiverpodとフック機能Flutter Hooksを組み合わせた強力なパッケージです。hooks_riverpodを使うことで、状態管理が [&#8230;]]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<h1 class="wp-block-heading">はじめに</h1>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><code>hooks_riverpod</code>は、Flutterでの状態管理ライブラリ<code>Riverpod</code>とフック機能<code>Flutter Hooks</code>を組み合わせた強力なパッケージです。<code>hooks_riverpod</code>を使うことで、状態管理がシンプルになり、状態に応じたUIの更新を直感的に行えるようになります。特に、フックを活用することで、状態の管理やリソースのクリーンアップを簡潔に記述できるため、より効率的にFlutterアプリケーションを開発できます。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">この記事では、<strong><code>hooks_riverpod</code>のセットアップから基本的な使い方、実際の利用例</strong>まで詳しく解説します。Flutterの開発経験がある方でも、<code>hooks_riverpod</code>を使うことで、状態管理がさらに快適になるでしょう。</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><code>hooks_riverpod</code>とは</h2>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><code>hooks_riverpod</code>は、<code>Riverpod</code>の状態管理機能と<code>Flutter Hooks</code>のフック機能を統合したパッケージです。<code>Flutter Hooks</code>のコンセプトを取り入れることで、状態管理とUIのロジックをシンプルに記述でき、リソースのクリーンアップなどが簡単になります。</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading"><code>hooks_riverpod</code>の主な特徴</h3>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><strong>フックを活用したシンプルな状態管理</strong>：状態の管理やUIの更新がより直感的に行える。</li>



<li><strong>リソースのクリーンアップが簡単</strong>：フックによって、不要になったリソースを自動的に解放できる。</li>



<li><strong>Riverpodのすべての機能に対応</strong>：<code>Riverpod</code>のプロバイダや依存関係管理をそのまま利用可能。</li>
</ul>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">なぜ<code>hooks_riverpod</code>を使うべきか？</h3>



<ol class="wp-block-list">
<li><strong>UIロジックを簡潔に記述</strong>：状態管理とUIロジックがフックによってシンプルにまとめられます。</li>



<li><strong>効率的なリソース管理</strong>：ウィジェットのライフサイクルに応じてリソースを自動的にクリーンアップ。</li>



<li><strong>パフォーマンス向上</strong>：不要な再レンダリングを防ぐことで、アプリケーションのパフォーマンスが向上します。</li>
</ol>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><code>hooks_riverpod</code>のセットアップ</h2>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">まず、<code>pubspec.yaml</code>に<code>hooks_riverpod</code>パッケージを追加します。</p>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="dependencies:
  flutter:
    sdk: flutter
  hooks_riverpod: ^2.5.1" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">dependencies</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">:</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #569CD6">flutter</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">:</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #569CD6">sdk</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">: </span><span style="color: #CE9178">flutter</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #569CD6">hooks_riverpod</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">: </span><span style="color: #CE9178">^2.5.1</span></span></code></pre></div>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">次に、依存関係をインストールします。</p>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="flutter pub get" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #DCDCAA">flutter</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #CE9178">pub</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #CE9178">get</span></span></code></pre></div>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">hooks_riverpodの基本的な使い方</h2>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">1. ProviderScopeでアプリを包む</h3>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">まず、<code>hooks_riverpod</code>を使用する際は、アプリケーション全体を<code>ProviderScope</code>で包む必要があります。これにより、すべてのプロバイダがアプリ全体で利用できるようになります。</p>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="import 'package:flutter_riverpod/flutter_riverpod.dart';
import 'package:flutter_hooks/flutter_hooks.dart';
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(ProviderScope(child: MyApp()));
}

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MaterialApp(
      home: HomeScreen(),
    );
  }
}" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">import</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;package:flutter_riverpod/flutter_riverpod.dart&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">import</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;package:flutter_hooks/flutter_hooks.dart&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">import</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;package:flutter/material.dart&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">;</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">void</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">main</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">() {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">runApp</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">ProviderScope</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(child: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">MyApp</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">()));</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">}</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">class</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">MyApp</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #569CD6">extends</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">StatelessWidget</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #569CD6">@override</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Widget</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">build</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">BuildContext</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> context) {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #C586C0">return</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">MaterialApp</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">      home: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">HomeScreen</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    );</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  }</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">}</span></span></code></pre></div>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">2. <code>ref.watch</code>を使ったプロバイダの状態監視</h3>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><code>hooks_riverpod</code>の基本的な状態管理は、プロバイダを使って行います。<code>useProvider</code>は廃止され、代わりに<code>WidgetRef</code><strong>を使って</strong><code>ref.watch</code>で状態を監視するのが現在の標準です。</p>



<h6 class="wp-block-heading">例：シンプルな文字列プロバイダ</h6>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="final helloWorldProvider = Provider&lt;String&gt;((ref) =&gt; 'Hello, World!');

class HomeScreen extends ConsumerWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context, WidgetRef ref) {
    // WidgetRefを使ってプロバイダの状態を監視
    final value = ref.read(helloWorldProvider);

    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(title: Text('Riverpod with Hooks')),
      body: Center(child: Text(value)),
    );
  }
}" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">final</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> helloWorldProvider = </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Provider</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">&lt;</span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">String</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">&gt;((ref) =&gt; </span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;Hello, World!&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">);</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">class</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">HomeScreen</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #569CD6">extends</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">ConsumerWidget</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #569CD6">@override</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Widget</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">build</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">BuildContext</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> context, </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">WidgetRef</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> ref) {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #6A9955">// WidgetRefを使ってプロバイダの状態を監視</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #569CD6">final</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> value = ref.</span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">read</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(helloWorldProvider);</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #C586C0">return</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Scaffold</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">      appBar: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">AppBar</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(title: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Text</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;Riverpod with Hooks&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">)),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">      body: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Center</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(child: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Text</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(value)),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    );</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  }</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">}</span></span></code></pre></div>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">3. <code>StateProvider</code>を使った状態変更</h3>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><code>StateProvider</code>を使えば、カウンターのような状態を簡単に管理できます。<code>WidgetRef</code>を使って、<code>ref.watch</code><strong>や</strong><code>ref.read</code>を活用し、状態の監視や変更を行います。</p>



<h6 class="wp-block-heading">例：カウンターアプリの実装</h6>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="final counterProvider = StateProvider&lt;int&gt;((ref) =&gt; 0);

class HomeScreen extends ConsumerWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context, WidgetRef ref) {
    // カウンターの値を監視
    final count = ref.watch(counterProvider);

    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(title: Text('Counter Example')),
      body: Center(
        child: Column(
          mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
          children: [
            Text('Count: $count', style: TextStyle(fontSize: 40)),
            SizedBox(height: 20),
            ElevatedButton(
              // カウンターの値を変更
              onPressed: () =&gt; ref.read(counterProvider.notifier).state++,
              child: Text('Increment'),
            ),
          ],
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">final</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> counterProvider = </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">StateProvider</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">&lt;</span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">int</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">&gt;((ref) =&gt; </span><span style="color: #B5CEA8">0</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">);</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">class</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">HomeScreen</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #569CD6">extends</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">ConsumerWidget</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #569CD6">@override</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Widget</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">build</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">BuildContext</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> context, </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">WidgetRef</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> ref) {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #6A9955">// カウンターの値を監視</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #569CD6">final</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> count = ref.</span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">watch</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(counterProvider);</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #C586C0">return</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Scaffold</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">      appBar: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">AppBar</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(title: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Text</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;Counter Example&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">)),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">      body: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Center</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">        child: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Column</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">          mainAxisAlignment: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">MainAxisAlignment</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">.center,</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">          children: [</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">            </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Text</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;Count: $</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">count</span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">, style: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">TextStyle</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(fontSize: </span><span style="color: #B5CEA8">40</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">)),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">            </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">SizedBox</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(height: </span><span style="color: #B5CEA8">20</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">            </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">ElevatedButton</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">              </span><span style="color: #6A9955">// カウンターの値を変更</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">              onPressed: () =&gt; ref.</span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">read</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(counterProvider.notifier).state++,</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">              child: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Text</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;Increment&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">            ),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">          ],</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">        ),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">      ),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    );</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  }</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">}</span></span></code></pre></div>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">解説</p>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><strong><code>ref.watch(counterProvider)</code></strong>：カウンターの現在の値を取得して監視します。状態が変更されるたびにUIがリビルドされます。</li>



<li><strong><code>ref.read(counterProvider.notifier)</code></strong>：状態を直接操作して変更するために使用します。</li>
</ul>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">非同期処理と<code>FutureProvider</code></h2>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">非同期処理を行う場合は、<code>FutureProvider</code>を使います。以下は、APIなどのデータを非同期で取得する例です。</p>



<div class="wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro" data-code-block-pro-font-family="Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono" style="font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)"><span style="display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="54" height="14" viewBox="0 0 54 14"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(1 1)"><circle cx="6" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FF5F56" stroke="#E0443E" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="26" cy="6" r="6" fill="#FFBD2E" stroke="#DEA123" stroke-width=".5"></circle><circle cx="46" cy="6" r="6" fill="#27C93F" stroke="#1AAB29" stroke-width=".5"></circle></g></svg></span><span role="button" tabindex="0" data-code="final dataProvider = FutureProvider&lt;String&gt;((ref) async {
  await Future.delayed(Duration(seconds: 2));
  return 'Hello from Future!';
});

class HomeScreen extends HookWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    // 非同期データを監視
    final asyncValue = ref.watch(dataProvider);

    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(title: Text('FutureProvider Example')),
      body: Center(
        child: asyncValue.when(
          data: (value) =&gt; Text(value),
          loading: () =&gt; CircularProgressIndicator(),
          error: (err, stack) =&gt; Text('Error: $err'),
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}" style="color:#D4D4D4;display:none" aria-label="Copy" class="code-block-pro-copy-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:24px;height:24px" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"><path class="with-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4"></path><path class="without-check" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></span><pre class="shiki dark-plus" style="background-color: #1E1E1E" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">final</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> dataProvider = </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">FutureProvider</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">&lt;</span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">String</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">&gt;((ref) </span><span style="color: #C586C0">async</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #C586C0">await</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Future</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">.</span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">delayed</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Duration</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(seconds: </span><span style="color: #B5CEA8">2</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">));</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #C586C0">return</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;Hello from Future!&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">});</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #569CD6">class</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">HomeScreen</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #569CD6">extends</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">HookWidget</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #569CD6">@override</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Widget</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">build</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">BuildContext</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> context) {</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #6A9955">// 非同期データを監視</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #569CD6">final</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> asyncValue = ref.</span><span style="color: #DCDCAA">watch</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(dataProvider);</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    </span><span style="color: #C586C0">return</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4"> </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Scaffold</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">      appBar: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">AppBar</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(title: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Text</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;FutureProvider Example&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">)),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">      body: </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Center</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">        child: asyncValue.</span><span style="color: #C586C0">when</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">          data: (value) =&gt; </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Text</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(value),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">          loading: () =&gt; </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">CircularProgressIndicator</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">          error: (err, stack) =&gt; </span><span style="color: #4EC9B0">Text</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">(</span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;Error: $</span><span style="color: #9CDCFE">err</span><span style="color: #CE9178">&#39;</span><span style="color: #D4D4D4">),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">        ),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">      ),</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">    );</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">  }</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color: #D4D4D4">}</span></span></code></pre></div>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">解説</p>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><strong><code>FutureProvider</code></strong>：非同期データを提供するプロバイダで、APIリクエストやデータベース操作などに使われます。</li>



<li><strong><code>asyncValue.when</code></strong>：非同期処理の状態に応じて、データ表示、ローディングインジケーター、エラーメッセージの表示を切り替えます。</li>
</ul>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Riverpodのベストプラクティス</h2>



<ol class="wp-block-list">
<li><strong>ProviderScopeを適切に使用</strong>
<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li>すべてのプロバイダは<code>ProviderScope</code>内で管理されるため、これをアプリのルートに配置することで、すべてのプロバイダが適切に管理されます。</li>
</ul>
</li>



<li><strong><code>ref.watch</code>と<code>ref.read</code>の使い分け</strong>
<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><strong><code>ref.watch</code></strong>：プロバイダの値を監視し、変更があるたびにUIを再レンダリングします。</li>



<li><strong><code>ref.read</code></strong>：値を一度取得するだけ、または値を更新する場合に使います（再レンダリングは行われません）。</li>
</ul>
</li>



<li><strong>非同期データの管理</strong>
<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><code>FutureProvider</code>や<code>StreamProvider</code>を使って非同期データの状態（ロード中、エラー、成功）を適切に処理することが、ユーザーフレンドリーなUIを提供する鍵です。</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ol>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">まとめ</h2>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong><code>hooks_riverpod</code>を活用することで、Flutterアプリケーションの状態管理が簡単になり、UIロジックがシンプルに記述できます。特に、<code>WidgetRef</code>を使った</strong><code>ref.watch</code><strong>による状態管理は直感的で、プロジェクトの複雑度に応じてスケーラブルに使えます</strong>。この記事を参考に、<code>hooks_riverpod</code>をマスターし、Flutter開発をさらに効率的に行いましょう。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"></p>
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